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1.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 55(4): 1-1, Dec. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550708

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to assess the impact of the implementation of a rapid multiplex molecular FilmArray Respiratory Panel (FRP) on the medical management of immunocompromised patients from a community general hospital. We conducted a single-center, retrospective, and before-after study. Two periods were evaluated: before the implementation of the FRP (pre-FRP) from April 2017 to May 2018 and after the implementation of the FRP (post-FRP) from January to July 2019. The inclusion criteria were immunocompromised patients over 18 years of age with suspected acute respiratory illness tested by conventional diagnostic meth-ods (pre-FRP) or the FilmArray™ Respiratory Panel v1.7 (post-FRP). A total of 142 patients were included, 64 patients in the pre-FRP and 78 patients in the post-FRP. The positive detec-tion rate was significantly higher in the post-FRP (63% vs. 10%, p <0.01). There were more patients receiving antimicrobial treatment in the pre-FRP compared with the post-FRP period (94% vs. 68%, p <0.01). A decrease in beta-lactam (89% vs. 61%, p <0.01) and macrolide (44% vs. 13%, p < 0.01) prescriptions were observed in the post-FRP. No differences were observed in oseltamivir use (22% vs. 13%, p = 0.14), changes in antimicrobial treatment, hospital admission rate, days-reduction in droplet isolation precautions, hospital length of stay (LOS), admission to intensive care unit (ICU), LOS in ICU, treatment failure and 30-day mortality. The implementa-tion of the FRP impacted patient care by improving diagnostic yield and optimizing antimicrobial treatment in immunocompromised adult patients.


Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de la implementación del panel respiratorio FilmArray® (FRP), un sistema automatizado de PCR multiplex, en el estándar de cuidado de pacientes adultos inmunocomprometidos en un hospital general. Es un estudio retrospectivo de un único centro con diseno antes/después. Los periodos evaluados fueron abril 2017-mayo 2018, previo a la implementación del FRP (pre-FRP), y enero 2019-julio 2019, luego de la implementación (post-FRP). Los criterios de inclusión fueron pacientes mayores de 18 años inmunocomprometidos con sospecha de infección respiratoria aguda a los que se les realizó, en pre-FRP, diagnóstico por métodos convencionales, y en post-FRP, el panel respiratorio FRP versión 1.7. Se incluyeron un total de 142 pacientes, 64 en pre-FRP y 78 en post-FRP. La tasa de positividad fue significativamente mayor en post-FRP frente a pre-FRP (63 vs. 10%, p<0,01). Hubo más pacientes con tratamiento antimicrobiano en pre-FRP que en post-FRP (94 vs. 68%, p <0,01). En pre-FRP hubo más pacientes tratados con betalactámicos (89 vs. 61%, p <0,01) y macrólidos (44 vs. 13%, p < 0,01). No se observaron diferencias significativas en el uso de oseltamivir (22 vs. 13%, p = 0,14), cambios en los tratamientos, número de hospitalizaciones, uso de aislamientos, duración de la estadía hospitalaria, ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos, estadía en dicha unidad, falla de tratamiento y mortalidad a 30 días. El uso de FRP contribuyó a la atención del paciente mejorando el rendimiento diagnóstico y optimizando la terapia antimicrobiana en pacientes adultos inmunocomprometidos.

2.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 108(2): 46-51, mayo-ago. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1121108

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Comparar ex vivo la eficacia del instrumento XP-endo Finisher y del sistema EndoActivator en la reducción/eliminación del biofilm microbiano en conductos radiculares infectados. Materiales y métodos: Se utilizaron 23 premolares inferiores humanos extraídos cuya longitud fue estandarizada en 17 mm. Todos los conductos se prepararon con el sistema WaveOne Gold Medium (#35.06). Los dientes se esterilizaron, se inocularon con Enterococcus faecalis y se separaron en dos grupos experimentales de 10 piezas cada uno. De los 3 dientes remanentes, 1 fue utilizado como control positivo y 2, como controles negativos. En el grupo 1, las soluciones irrigantes se agitaron con XP-endo Finisher. En el grupo 2, se utilizó EndoActivator. Se tomaron muestras antes de la contaminación, luego de esta y después de la agitación de los irrigantes mediante conos de papel estériles. La carga microbiana fue sembrada en agar sangre y los conos se cultivaron en caldo tripteína de soja. La remoción de la carga microbiana se determinó por la presencia o ausencia de turbiedad del medio. Las unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC) remanentes se cuantificaron y los resultados se categorizaron como R1 (≤10 UFC) o R2 (>10 UFC). Los datos fueron analizados mediante la prueba de Fisher. Resultados: No hubo diferencias significativas entre XP-endo Finisher y EndoActivator (P>0,05). El número de usos no influyó sobre la capacidad operativa de ambos instrumentos (AU)


Aim: To compare ex vivo the effectiveness of the XP-endo Finisher and the EndoActivator in biofilm reduction/ removal from infected root canals. Materials and methods: Twenty three extracted human single-rooted lower premolars were selected and standardised to 17 mm in length. All the canals were prepared with WaveOne Gold Medium reciprocating files (#35.06). The teeth were autoclaved and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis. The infected teeth were then assigned to 2 experimental groups of 10 teeth each according to the final irrigation/agitation protocol. Of the three remaining teeth, one was used as a positive control, and the other two were used as negative controls. In Group 1 the irrigating solutions were agitated with XP-endo Finisher while in Group 2 the EndoActivator was used. All root canals were sampled before and after contamination, and again after irrigant agitation with sterile paper points. The microbial load was spread on blood agar plates and the paper points were cultured in sterile trypticase soy broth. The removal of the microbial load was determined by visual observation of the turbidity of the media and by quantification of the number of colony-forming units (UFC). The results were categorized as R1 (≤10 UFC) or R2 (>10 UFC). Data were analysed by the Fisher's exact test at P<0.05. Results: No significant differences was found between XP-endo Finisher and EndoActivator (P>0.05) regarding their effectiveness in the reduction/removal of the microbial biofilm. The number of uses of both instruments did not affect their operative performance (AU) Conclusion: XPF and EA were both equally effective for microbial biofilm reduction/removal from ex vivo infected root canals (AU)


Subject(s)
Root Canal Irrigants/chemistry , Dental High-Speed Equipment , Biofilms , Dental Instruments , Dental Pulp Cavity/microbiology , In Vitro Techniques , Colony Count, Microbial/methods , Efficacy , Enterococcus faecalis/isolation & purification , Culture Media
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